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Technical Library

The Graham Technical Library contains articles developed by Graham Corporation for publication in various magazines and technical seminar presentations. The articles are designed to inform and assist you in areas of our expertise. They are broken down into three categories; heat transfer, vacuum equipment, and surface condensers.

Click on the desired category to view a list of the available documents. Click on the article to view it, right click (save target) on the article to download to your computer.
Graham technical articles covering 
vacuum and heat transfer equipment


Heat Transfer

Asymmetric Plate Heat Exchangers Chemical Engineering, July 1987

Convective Flow Boiling in Coiled Tubes Engineering Foundation Convective Flow Boiling Conference, May 1985

Heat Exchangers in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants Water/Engineering and Management, September 1991

Helically Coiled Heat Exchangers Offer Advantages Process Heating, March 1995

Now Consider Evaporative Cooling Petroleum Refiner, January 1961

Using PC Software to Predict Heat Exchanger Performance Process Heating, November/December 1994

Mechanical Seal Coolers: A Basic Accessory Gets a Facelift Pumps & Systems, January 1999

Heat in History Heat Transfer Engineering, July 1999

Condensers Control and Reclaim VOC's Chemical Processing, June 2000

How Low Can You Go Chemical Processing, January 2003

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Vacuum Equipment

Can Air-Operated Ejectors Solve Your Problem? Power Engineering, 1956

Design of Vacuum Systems for Crude Oil Tower Distillation Hydrocarbon Processing Symposium, 1988

Designing Steam-Jet Vacuum Systems Chemical Engineering, July 1993

Ejectors Give Any Suction Pressure Chemical Engineering, April 1957

Ejectors Have a Wide Range of Uses Petroleum Refiner, December 1958

Estimating the Size and Cost of Steam Vacuum Refrigeration Hydrocarbon Processing, June 1967

How to Control Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps Pumps & Systems, November 1995

Optimizing Vacuum Systems for Energy-Efficient Operation Chemical Processing, August 1996

Steam Jet Ejectors in Pilot and Product Plants Chemical Engineering Progress, March 1967

Understand Vacuum System Fundamentals for Crude Vacuum Distillation Towers Hydrocarbon Processing, October 1994

Troubleshooting Crude Vacuum Tower Overhead Ejector Systems Hydrocarbon Processing, March 1995

How to Size Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps Pumps & Systems, February 1995

Proper Piping For Vacuum Systems Chemical Engineering, November 1996

Options Analysis Of Vacuum Columns and Ejector Systems Hydrocarbon Asia, January 1997

Installing Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps Chemical Engineering, November 1996

Ejector System Troubleshooting Hydrocarbon Engineering, March/April 1997

Optimizing Process Vacuum Condensers Chemical Engineering, September 1997

Air Ejectors Cheaper than Steam F. D. Berkeley

Variable Frequency Drives for a Vacuum System Pumps & Systems, January 1998

Understanding Ejector Systems Necessary to Troubleshoot Vacuum Distillation Oil & Gas Journal, February 1999

Lessons From the Field - Ejector Systems Hydrocarbon Engineering, March 1999

Choose the Right Vacuum Pump Chemical Engineering, March 1999

Ejector Systems for Fats, Oils, Oleochemicals INFORM, July 1999

Saving With Precondensers Chemical Processing, July 1999

How to Increase the Vacuum of a Liquid Ring Pump Joe Aliasso

Cavitation in Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps used in Condenser Venting Service Kevin Skelton, September 1999

Applying the Correct Vacuum System to Your Market Sector World Pumps, January 2000

How to Make Sure You Select the Right Dry Vacuum Pump World Pumps, March 2000

Reliable Vacuum Condenser Performance Process Heating, August 2002

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Surface Condensers

Combined Cycle Cogeneration Power Plants Benefit from Cold Deaerated HRSG Feedwater

Cogeneration Power Plants, 1991

Condensate Oxygen Control in a Combined Cycle System Without a Conventional Deaerator

EPRI Test Results, September 1990

Condenser and Hybrid Gas Removal System Design for a High Non-Condensible Load Plant

S. Northrup

Deaerating Condenser Boosts Combined-Cycle Plant Efficiency

Power Engineering, July 1992

Enhanced Condenser Venting for Condensate Oxygen Control

1984

Improved Steam Condenser Gas Removal System

Collected Papers in Heat Transfer, 1988

Total Systems Approach to Condenser Oxygen Control as Applied to a Combined Cycle Cogeneration Power Plant

Surface Condenser Design, Installation and Operating Experience

Troubleshooting Surface Condenser Venting Systems

EPRI, August 1996

Vacuum Steam Condensers: Air vs. Water Cooling

Hydrocarbon Processing, September 1980

Specifying Steam Surface Condensers

E. Spencer

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email: equipment@graham-mfg.com
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